- Bit rate
- Baud rate
- Bit interval
- Bit stuffing
Solution
Explanation: The number of bits of data transmitted per second is called the bit rate. Bit rate, also known as data rate or simply bitrate, is a measure of the speed of data transfer in digital communication systems. It is typically expressed in bits per second (bps) or its multiples, such as kbps (kilobits per second), Mbps (megabits per second), or Gbps (gigabits per second).
Example: A digital communication system transmits data at a rate of 100 Mbps. This means that 100 million bits of data are transmitted every second.
Facts:
- Bit rate is an essential parameter in digital communication systems, as it influences the bandwidth required for transmission, the time it takes to transfer data, and the system’s overall performance.
- Bit rate is related to, but not the same as, the baud rate. Baud rate refers to the number of signal changes (symbols) transmitted per second, whereas bit rate refers to the number of bits transmitted per second. In simple binary systems, the baud rate and bit rate may be equal, but in more advanced modulation schemes, multiple bits can be transmitted with each symbol, resulting in a higher bit rate compared to the baud rate.
Relevant Stats: As an example, consider a digital communication system using Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation, with a symbol rate of 10 Msymbols/s (10 million symbols per second). QPSK encodes two bits per symbol, so the bit rate for this system would be:
Bit rate = Symbol rate × Bits per symbol = 10 Msymbols/s × 2 bits/symbol = 20 Mbps
This means that the system can transmit 20 million bits of data per second.
In summary, the bit rate is the number of bits of data transmitted per second in digital communication systems. It is a crucial parameter that affects the bandwidth, data transfer time, and overall performance of the system. The bit rate can be higher than the baud rate in advanced modulation schemes, where multiple bits are transmitted with each symbol.